Endometriosis is a condition that is often accompanied by painful symptoms and can have profound effects on a woman’s fertility and quality of life. This article aims to raise awareness of this common but often undiagnosed condition and to provide general practice nurses (GPNs) with an overview of endometriosis, its diagnosis and management. After reading this article, GPNs will be better placed to spot the signs and symptoms of the condition, be able to provide women with information about the various treatment options available, and know when to refer women to secondary care.