Wound assessment is a vital skill for general practice nurses (GPNs); however, time pressures can sometimes impede the effective assessment of wounds in primary care. This article aims to provide GPNs with a rapid wound assessment approach that is evidence-based and person-centred. The author details the main points of wound assessment and outlines a holistic approach that considers biological, psychological and social factors, with the aim of improving GPNs’ assessment skills. An approach to wound assessment known as TIMES (tissue, infection, moisture, edge and surrounding skin) will be discussed. This will enable GPNs to understand the key factors that influence wound healing. The investigations used to identify any underlying disease processes that may affect wound healing are also considered. The author aims to assist GPNs to improve their wound assessment skills, which will, in turn, help them to exercise their best clinical judgement at all times.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. It is estimated that over three million people in the UK have the disease, with just under a third actually having a diagnosis (National Institute for Health and Care Excellence [NICE], 2010a). It is defined as irreversible air flow obstruction, which is insidious and progressive with little day-to-day variability, predominantly caused by cigarette smoking, but with the recognition of ther contributory factors such as exposure to occupational irritants (NICE, 2010a).
Reducing the burden of COPD relies on early and accurate diagnosis before individuals are on the trajectory of functional decline (Department of Health [DH], 2011). This paper outlines the key steps that general practice nurses (GPNs) should take to make a good diagnosis and so make lifelong improvements for patients living with COPD.
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