Inflammation occurs when the body tries to protect itself from infection by foreign organisms, such as bacteria and viruses. It involves several processes in the body, including action by white blood cells (cytokines). The whole process is known as an immune response. A short sharp immune reaction is called an acute inflammatory response, such as a bee sting, while other immune responses can go on for some time and are known as chronic inflammation. Chronic inflammation is caused by a number of factors, such as carrying extra weight, pollution in the environment, and also poor diet and lifestyle. Long-term chronic inflammation can lead to diseases such as heart disease, cancers, Alzheimer’s disease, arthritis and even depression. Inflammation is also linked to metabolic changes and metabolic disorders, such as diabetes. This article looks at how diet and lifestyle can help to alleviate inflammation, with emphasis on chronic inflammation.